When was cotton made

Mehrgarh , the earliest agricultural village in the Indus Valley, holds multiple lines of evidence of cotton seeds and fibers beginning about BP.

At Mohenjo-Daro , fragments of cloth and cotton textiles have been dated to the fourth millennium BCE, and archaeologists agree that most of the trade that made the city grow was based on cotton exportation. Raw material and finished cloth were exported from South Asia into Dhuweila in eastern Jordan by — years ago, and to Maikop Majkop or Maykop in the northern Caucasus by BP.

According to Assyrian records of Sennacherib — BCE , cotton was grown in the royal botanical gardens at Nineveh, but cool winters there would have made large-scale production impossible. Because G. Recent investigations at Karatepe in Uzbekistan have found cotton production dated between ca.

Cotton was finally adapted to grow in more temperate climates by the Islamic Agricultural Revolution, and between — CE, a boom in cotton production spread into Persia, Southwest Asia, North Africa, and the Mediterranean Basin. Traditionally it is known to grow in African open forests and grasslands. Characteristics of its wild species are a taller plant, compared to the domesticated shrubs, smaller fruit, and thicker seed coats.

Unfortunately, no clear domesticated remains of G. However, the distribution of its closest wild progenitor suggests a northward distribution toward North Africa, and the Near East. Among the American species, G. However, a minority of researchers believe, alternatively, that the earliest type of cotton was introduced into Mesoamerica as an already domesticated form of G.

Whichever story ends up to be correct, cotton was one of the first non-food plants domesticated by the prehistoric inhabitants of the Americas. In the Central Andes, especially in the north and central coasts of Peru, cotton was part of a fishing economy and a marine-based lifestyle. People used cotton to make fishing nets and other textiles. Cotton remains have been recovered in many sites on the coast especially in residential middens. The oldest evidence of Gossypium hirsutum in Mesoamerica comes from the Tehuacan valley and has been dated between and BCE.

In different caves of the region, archaeologists affiliated to the project of Richard MacNeish found remains of fully domesticated examples of this cotton.

Recent studies have compared bolls and cotton seeds retrieved from excavations in Guila Naquitz Cave , Oaxaca, with living examples of wild and cultivated G. Additional genetic studies Coppens d'Eeckenbrugge and Lacape support the earlier results, indicating that G. Another possible center of domestication for G. When Christopher Columbus explored Bahamas and Cuba, he found natives wearing cotton which probably strengthened his belief that he had landed on the coast of India.

During the Renaissance and the Enlightenment cotton becomes highly sought-after in Europe. Vasco da Gama, a Portuguese explorer, opened sea road to Asia, which made caravans obsolete and allowed for heavier cargos. Technology of cotton processing was moving to west. Indian craftsmen protected the secret of how to create colorful patterns but some of them were converted to Christianity and revealed their secret to French Catholic priest, Father Coeurdoux who transferred it to France and planted the seed of European textile industry.

Cotton's rise to global importance came through few factors. Some types of cotton fabrics became popular in Europe. Common basic weave fabrics include muslin and organdy, while popular cotton twills are denim and khaki. Her experience stems from a marketing background, with more than 12 years of experience consulting fashion-forward entrepreneurs.

By: B. List of Plants Used for Clothing. Information About Cotton Fabric. What Is the Difference Between Acrylic Types of Cotton Fabric. How Is Poly Cotton Made? How Much of the World's Clothing Is Cotton seed are believed to have been planted in Florida in and in Virginia in By , colonists were growing cotton along the James River in Virginia. Cotton was first spun by machinery in England in The industrial revolution in England and the invention of the cotton gin in the U.